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Dumpy Level: An Instrument for Accurate Measurements

Dumpy Level: An Instrument for Accurate Measurements Dumpy Level: An Instrument for Accurate Measurements A dumpy level is a specialized instrument used in surveying and engineering. It is designed for measuring height differences between different points on the ground with exceptional accuracy. Functioning like a telescope and a spirit level, it provides precise readings for elevation measurements. "The dumpy level is carefully made to give exact measurements of height differences, making it reliable and trustworthy." Very Accurate The dumpy level is carefully made to give exact measurements of height differences, making it reliable and trustworthy. Scientific Principles It uses optics and leveling techniques to make sure the readings are correct, combining science with practical use. Used for Specific Tasks Surveyors and engineers use the...

Rubber vs. Concrete vs. Steel Material Properties Comparison

Material Properties Comparison Material Properties Comparison: Rubber vs. Steel vs. Concrete Material Properties Property Rubber Steel Concrete Elasticity High - Can deform significantly under stress and return to its original shape. Low - Does not deform much under stress and retains its shape even under significant loads. Low - Has relatively low elasticity, but can experience some deformation under stress. Modulus of Elasticity (GPa) ~1 MPa to ~100 MPa - Relatively low modulus of elasticity. ~200 GPa to ~210 GPa - High modulus of elasticity. ~20 GPa to ~40 GPa - Moderate modulus of elasticity. Strength Lower strength - Rubber is not as strong as steel and may deform significantly under stress but can recover its original shape when the stress is removed. High - Steel is a strong material, capable o...

Comparison between Steel and Rubber Material Properties

Comparison between Steel and Rubber Material Properties Material Properties Comparison: Rubber vs. Steel Property Rubber Steel Elasticity High - Rubber can deform significantly under stress and return to its original shape. Low - Steel does not deform much under stress and retains its shape even under significant loads. Modulus of Elasticity (GPa) ~1 MPa to ~100 MPa - Rubber has a relatively low modulus of elasticity. ~200 GPa to ~210 GPa - Steel has a high modulus of elasticity. Strength Low - Rubber is not as strong as steel and is more susceptible to permanent deformation under high stress. High - Steel is a strong material, capable of withstanding heavy loads and high-stress conditions. Density Low - Rubber is less dense than steel, making it lighter and suitable for weight-sensitive applications. ...

Civil Engineering Study with VK

Civil Engineering Study all topics related to this sites ▼ July  List of Surveying Tools and Instruments Compass - Surveying tools and Instruments Assumptions for the design of Laced columns Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering MCQ ICMR- National Institute for Research in Tuberculo... Composition of Good Brick Earth and its Properties... Test for Moisture on soil or Determination of Wate... TOTAL POST: 4045 CRP Clerks-XIII for vacancies of ... TOTAL POSTS: 257 upsc AE &OTHERS Union Public Serv... Friction and Pressure Drag on a body moving throug... Rajasthan Public Service Commission (RPSC) Rajasth... Find Initial and Final Setting Time of Cement Kerala Public Service Commission (KPSC) invites th... Chain Survey - Introduction and Condition for its ... Temporary Adjustment of SURVEYING Instrument in C... Surveyor compass versus Prismatic Compass - Compa... Types of Chain and its length for Surveying work i... ▼  June  Properties of First class brick Storag...

List of Surveying Tools and Instruments

List of tools and Instruments used in Surveying works Compass used in Surveying Prismatic Compass Surveyor Compass Trough Compass -   The compass used with a plane table is a trough compass in which the longer sides of the trough are parallel and flat so that either side can be used as a ruler or lid down to coincide with a straight line drawn on the paper. A trough compass is used for orienting the plane table to the magnetic north. Plane Table - Necessary for Plane Table Surveying Traverse table = 750mm * 600mm Johnson table = 600mm * 450mm - this table is quick and accurate for leveling Coast Survey table Accuravy = coast > Jonhson > Traverse Alidade -  It is Straight edge roller Provided with Sighting Device Plain alidade Telescope alidade -  used in hilly area and inclined sighting Trough compass -  Used to mark the North direction Plumbing fork or U- fork -  used for Centering on plane table and transferring the ground point Bubble tube - ...

Compass - Surveying tools and Instruments

Compass - Surveying tools and Instruments Prismatic Compass Least count is 30 min Graduation provide in only one side i.e Clockwise 0 degree are on a south direction used to measure whole circle bearing Needle is a broad Needle (Not ace as a index) Tripod is not compulsory Sighting and Reading taking can be done simultaneously Prismatic compass with agate cap Graduated ring and needle are connected Surveyor compass compass-least count is 15 min Graduation provide on both direction i.e. clockwise and anticlockwise zero are on a both north and south direction used to measure reduce bearing Needle is of Narrow Needle.(Act as a Index) Tripod is Compulsory Sighting and reading can not be done simultaneously Box and graduated ring are connected Trough compass It is used in plane table to mark North direction In this compass two graduated scale are provided with readings For more detail about compass visit other site like

Assumptions for the design of Laced columns

Laced Column - Civil Study vk Assumption For the design of laced columns: I) The sections to be laced are so spaced that the radius of gyration of the section about the axis perpendicular to the plane of lacing is not less than the radius of gyration about the axis in the plane of lacing.   II) The effective slenderness ratio should be taken as 1.05 times the actual maximum slenderness ratio, in order to account for shear deformation effect.   III) Angle of inclination of lacing bar should be kept between 40° - 70°. Lacing is most efficient between 35° to 45°, but angle less than 40° would result in a higher length of lacing bar which may then to buckle individually.   IV) The maximum spacing of the lacing bar should be such that the minimum slenderness ratio of the component member should not be greater than 50 or 0.7 times the slenderness ratio of the member.   V) The lacing for compression members should be proportioned to resist transverse shear eq...

Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering MCQ

civil Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering Multiple Choice Questions :- 1. Residual soils are formed by A. glaciers B. wind C. water D. none of the above Answer: D 2. Water content of soil can A. never be greater than 100 % B. take values only from 0 % to 100 % C. be less than 0 % D. be greater than 100 % Answer: D 3. Which of the following types of soil is transported by gravitational forces ? A. loess B. talus C. drift D. dune sand Answer: B 4. A fully saturated soil is said to be A. one phase system B. two phase system with soil and air C. two phase system with soil and water D. three phase system Answer: C 5. Valid range for S, the degree of saturation of soil in percentage is A. S>0 B. S<0 C. 0<S<100 D. 0 < S < 100 Answer: D 6. Constant head permeameter is used to test permeability of A. silt B. clay C. coarse sand D. fine sand Answer: C 7. A soil has a bulk density of 22 kN/m3 and water content 10 %. The dry densi...
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